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1 the separation of Church and State
Макаров: отделение церкви от государстваУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > the separation of Church and State
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2 separation of church and state amendment
политНеофициальное название-характеристика Первой поправки [ First Amendment] к Конституции США [ Constitution, U.S.]English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > separation of church and state amendment
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3 ♦ church
♦ church /tʃɜ:tʃ/A n. [cu]1 chiesa ( edificio e luogo di culto): the frescoes in this church, gli affreschi di questa chiesa; to go to church, andare in chiesa; ( anche) essere praticante; parish church, parrocchia; pieve2 ( spesso Church) Chiesa, chiesa ( comunità di cristiani): the Orthodox Church, la Chiesa ortodossa; the Church of Rome, la Chiesa di Roma; la Chiesa cattolica; the separation of church and state, la separazione tra Chiesa e Stato; to enter the Church, prendere gli ordini; farsi preteB a.1 (attr.) di chiesa; della chiesa; ecclesiastico; parrocchiale; clericale; religioso: the church bells, le campane della chiesa; church service, servizio divino; funzione religiosa; church choir, coro di chiesa; church register, registro parrocchiale; church burial, sepoltura religiosa; church party, partito clericale; church property, beni ecclesiastici; church wedding, matrimonio in chiesa; matrimonio religioso2 (pred.) (antiq.) anglicano ( di contro a chapel, «nonconformista»): Are they church or chapel?, sono anglicani o nonconformisti?● (in GB) Church Commissioners, commissari ecclesiastici (nominati dal Governo, gestiscono le risorse finanziarie della Chiesa anglicana) □ Church father, padre della Chiesa □ (fam. USA) church key, apriscatole con la punta a triangolo □ the Church Militant, la Chiesa militante □ the Church of England (o English Church, Anglican Church), la Chiesa anglicana NOTE DI CULTURA: Church of England: nata nel 1534 con l' ► «Act of Supremacy» (► act), la Chiesa anglicana ha mantenuto gran parte delle strutture e della liturgia della tradizione cattolica. Nel corso dei secoli si sono formate due correnti al suo interno: la High Church, più conservatrice e vicina alla Chiesa cattolica, e la Low Church, più rigorosamente protestante □ (relig.) the Church of Scotland, la Chiesa di Scozia NOTE DI CULTURA: Church of Scotland: è la chiesa ufficiale scozzese, a organizzazione presbiteriana; secondo il Trattato di unione tra Scozia e Inghilterra del 1707 è indipendente dallo Stato e quindi anche dalla Chiesa anglicana. È chiamata anche the Kirk □ church planting, fondazione di nuove chiese □ church school, scuola religiosa □ (ling.) Church Slavonic, slavo ecclesiastico □ church square, sagrato □ the Church Triumphant, la Chiesa trionfante □ as poor as a church mouse, povero in canna □ to be received into the Catholic Church, convertirsi al cattolicesimo. -
4 separation
separation [‚sepə'reɪʃən](a) (division) séparation f;∎ the separation of Church and State la séparation de l'Église et de l'État;∎ her separation from her family caused her great heartache sa séparation d'avec sa famille l'a beaucoup chagrinée(b) (of couple) séparation f►► separation allowance Military allocation f mensuelle (versée par l'armée à la femme d'un soldat); (alimony) pension f alimentaire;Psychology separation anxiety peur f de l'abandon;Politics separation of powers séparation f des pouvoirs -
5 separation
[͵sepəʹreıʃ(ə)n] n1. отделение, разъединение, разделение, разобщениеseparation of the sexes in school - раздельное обучение мальчиков и девочек
the separation of /between/ Sweden and Norway - ист. отделение Норвегии от Швеции
separation from a church [an organization] - выход из членов церкви [из организации]
2. разлукаseparation from smb., smth. - разлука с кем-л., чем-л., жизнь вдали от кого-л., чего-л.
3. сортировка, разложение на частиseparation into parts [into lots] - разделение на части [на участки]
4. юр. раздельное жительство супруговto get a separation from one's wife /from one's husband/ - разъехаться ( по взаимному соглашению или по решению суда)
5. 1) окончание договорных отношений, особ. окончание срока трудового соглашения2) увольнение из армии; демобилизация6. физ. разделение7. горн., хим. обогащение8. геол. разделение, разобщение (пласта, жилы)9. ав.1) отделение ( ступени ракеты)2) эшелонирование10. спец. расстояние, интервал; разнесение, разнос -
6 separation
nounTrennung, die* * *1) (the act of separating or the state or period of being separated: They were together again after a separation of three years.) die Trennung2) (a (legal) arrangement by which a husband and wife remain married but live separately.) die Trennung* * *sepa·ra·tion[ˌsepərˈeɪʃən, AM -əˈreɪ-]n\separation of functions Funktionstrennung fracial \separation Rassentrennung f2. (living apart) [eheliche] Trennung* * *["sepə'reISən]nTrennung f; (CHEM ALSO) Scheidung f; (of rocket etc) Abtrennung f (from von)* * *separation [ˌsepəˈreıʃn] s1. Trennung f, Absonderung f:the separation of church and state die Trennung von Kirche und Staat;2. Trennung f, Getrenntsein n3. Trennungspunkt m, -linie fjudicial separation gerichtliche Trennung einer Ehe5. CHEM, TECHa) Abscheidung f, Spaltung fb) Klassierung f (von Erzen)6. MIL US Entlassung f* * *nounTrennung, die* * *n.Absonderung f.Abtrennung f.Getrenntheit f.Separierung f.Trennung -en f. -
7 separation
1. n отделение, разъединение, разделение, разобщение2. n разлука3. n сортировка, разложение на части4. n юр. раздельное жительство супругов5. n окончание договорных отношений,6. n увольнение из армии; демобилизация7. n горн. хим. обогащение8. n геол. разделение, разобщение9. n ав. эшелонированиерасстояние, интервал; разнесение, разнос
Синонимический ряд:1. alienation (noun) alienation; estrangement2. departure (noun) departure; embarkation; farewell3. detachment (noun) cut; detachment; disconnection; disengagement; disjoining; dissolution; disunion; divorce; divorcement; partition; rupture; split-up; uncoupling4. distinction (noun) differentiation; discrimination; distinction5. division (noun) division; rift; split6. segregation (noun) apartheid; isolation; segregation; separateness; separatism; sequestration -
8 separation
поділ, розділ; роздільність; розмежування, відокремлення; ізоляція; закінчення терміну трудової угоди; звільнення ( з армії); припинення договірних відносин; розлучення ( подружжя), роздільне проживання ( подружжя за взаємною згодою або за рішенням суду)separation of executive, judicial, and legislative powers — розмежування виконавчої, судової і законодавчої влад
- separation agreementseparation of judicial from administrative functions — відокремлення судових функцій від адміністративних
- separation allowance
- separation by agreement
- separation contract
- separation from bed and board
- separation of Church and State
- separation of goods
- separation of marital property
- separation of power
- separation of powers
- separation of property
- separation of witness
- separation pay -
9 state
1. noun1) (condition) Zustand, derstate of the economy — Wirtschaftslage, die
the state of play — (Sport) der Spielstand
the state of play in the negotiations/debate — (fig.) der [gegenwärtige] Stand der Verhandlungen/Debatte
the state of things in general — die allgemeine Lage
a state of war exists — es herrscht Kriegszustand
be in a state of excitement/sadness/anxiety — aufgeregt/traurig/ängstlich sein
2) (mess)what a state you're in! — wie siehst du denn aus!
3) (anxiety)be in a state — (be in a panic) aufgeregt sein; (be excited) ganz aus dem Häuschen sein (ugs.)
get into a state — (coll.) Zustände kriegen (ugs.)
don't get into a state! — reg dich nicht auf! (ugs.)
4) (nation) Staat, der[affairs] of State — Staats[geschäfte]
the [United] States — sing. die [Vereinigten] Staaten
6)7) (pomp) Prunk, der2. attributive adjective1) (of nation or federal state) staatlich; Staats[bank, -sicherheit, -geheimnis, -dienst]2) (ceremonial) Staats-3. transitive verb‘please state full particulars’ — "bitte genaue Angaben machen"
2) (specify) festlegen* * *I [steit] noun1) (the condition in which a thing or person is: the bad state of the roads; The room was in an untidy state; He inquired about her state of health; What a state you're in!; He was not in a fit state to take the class.) der Zustand2) (a country considered as a political community, or, as in the United States, one division of a federation: The Prime Minister visits the Queen once a week to discuss affairs of state; The care of the sick and elderly is considered partly the responsibility of the state; ( also adjective) The railways are under state control; state-controlled / owned industries.) der Staat, Staats-...3) (ceremonial dignity and splendour: The Queen, wearing her robes of state, drove in a horse-drawn coach to Westminster; ( also adjective) state occasions/banquets.) der Staat, Staats-...•- academic.ru/70394/stately">stately- stateliness
- statesman
- statesmanlike
- statesmanship
- get into a state
- lie in state II [steit] verb(to say or announce clearly, carefully and definitely: You have not yet stated your intentions.) erklären* * *[steɪt]I. nthey complained about the untidy \state that the house had been left in sie beschwerten sich über die Unordnung, in der das Haus zurückgelassen worden warthe car was in a good \state of repair das Auto war in gutem Zustanda sorry \state of affairs traurige Zustände\state of the market COMM Marktverfassung\state of siege/war Belagerungs-/Kriegszustand meconomic \state wirtschaftliche Lageoriginal \state ursprünglicher Zustand2. (physical condition) körperliche [o physische] Verfassungin a \state of dormancy im Schlafzustand\state of exhaustion/fatigue Erschöpfungs-/Ermüdungszustand mto be in a poor/good \state of health in einem schlechten/guten Gesundheitszustand seinher mother is in a poor \state of health ihrer Mutter geht es nicht gut\state of intoxication Vergiftung f\state of rest Ruhezustand mwe were worried by his depressed \state of mind seine niedergeschlagene Stimmung machte uns Sorgenshe has been in a \state of euphoria ever since hearing the news sie ist ganz euphorisch, seit sie die Neuigkeit erfahren hatconscious \state [volles] Bewusstseinsemi-conscious \state Dämmerzustand munconscious \state Bewusstlosigkeit fto [not] be in a fit \state to do sth [nicht] in der Lage sein, etw zu tunto be in a \state mit den Nerven fertig sein famto get in[to] a \state [about sth] [wegen einer S. gen] durchdrehen5. SCIsolid/liquid/gaseous \state CHEM fester/flüssiger/gasförmiger Zustand6. SOCIOL\state of matrimony Stand m der Ehemarried \state Ehestand mhow do you enjoy the married \state? wie bekommt dir die Ehe?single \state Leben nt als Single7. REL\state of grace Stand m der Gnadeone-party/member \state Einparteien-/Mitgliedsstaat moffice of \state Staatsamt ntthe separation of Church and S\state die Trennung von Kirche und Staatthe Queen rode in \state to open Parliament die Königin ritt in vollem Staat zur Parlamentseröffnungthe pomp befitting a queen's \state die einer Königin angemessene Prachtto lie in \state aufgebahrt seinII. adj attr, inv1. (pertaining to a nation) staatlich, Staats-\state monopoly Staatsmonopol nt, staatliches Monopol\state ownership Staatseigentum nt, staatliches Eigentum\state religion Staatsreligion f2. (pertaining to unit)the \state capital of Texas die Hauptstadt von Texas\state fishing license für einen US-Bundesstaat gültige Angelerlaubnis\state forest/park von einem US-Bundesstaat finanzierter Wald/Park\state police Polizei eines US-Bundesstaates\state sales tax von einem US-Bundesstaat erhobene Umsatzsteuer3. (pertaining to civil government) Regierungs-\state document Regierungsdokument nt, amtliches Schriftstück\state enrolled/registered nurse BRIT staatlich zugelassene/geprüfte [o examinierte] Krankenschwester\state records Regierungsunterlagen pl\state subsidy [staatliche] Subvention\state support staatliche Unterstützung4. (showing ceremony) Staats-\state banquet Staatsbankett nt\state funeral Staatsbegräbnis ntthe S\state Opening of Parliament die offizielle Eröffnung des Parlaments\state visit Staatsbesuch mIII. vt1. (express)▪ to \state sth etw aussprechen [o äußern]the problem can be \stated in one sentence man kann das Problem in einen Satz fassento \state one's case seine Sache vortragento \state one's objections seine Einwände vorbringento \state one's opinion seine Meinung sagento \state the source die Quelle angebento \state sth clearly/emphatically etw deutlich/mit Nachdruck sagento \state the obvious [or a commonplace] eine Binsenweisheit von sich dat geben▪ to \state that... erklären, dass...to \state formally that... offiziell bekanntgeben, dass...▪ to \state why/what/how... darlegen, warum/was/wie...2. (specify, fix)▪ to \state sth etw nennen [o angeben]to \state conditions [or terms] Bedingungen nennento \state demands Forderungen stellen* * *[steɪt]1. n1) (= condition) Zustand mstate of health/mind/war/siege — Gesundheits-/Geistes-/Kriegs-/Belagerungszustand m
married/single state — Ehe-/Ledigenstand m
to be in a state of weightlessness — sich im Zustand der Schwerelosigkeit befinden
in a liquid/solid state —
where animals live in their natural state — wo Tiere im Naturzustand leben
in a good/bad state — in gutem/schlechtem Zustand
he's in no (fit) state to do that — er ist auf gar keinen Fall in der Verfassung, das zu tun
look at the state of your hands! — guck dir bloß mal deine Hände an!
2) (inf3) (= rank) Stand m, Rang m4) (= pomp) Aufwand m, Pomp m2. vtdarlegen, vortragen; name, price, amount nennen, angeben; preference, purpose angeben; opposition, intention anmeldento state that... — feststellen or erklären, dass...
it must be clearly stated in the records... — es muss aus den Akten einwandfrei hervorgehen,...
as stated in my letter I... — wie in meinem Brief erwähnt,... ich...
* * *state [steıt]A2. POL US (Bundes-, Einzel)Staat m:state law Rechtsordnung f des Einzelstaates;4. Zustand m:state of consciousness Bewusstseinszustand;state of inertia PHYS Beharrungszustand;in a state of nature im Naturzustand;they are still in a state of nature sie laufen noch so herum, wie Gott sie geschaffen hat;state of war MIL Kriegszustand;be in a state of war with sich im Kriegszustand befinden mit; → emergency A, equilibrium, health 2, repair1 B 5, siege A 1b) umg Erregung f:get into a state wahnsinnig nervös werden;don’t get into a state nur keine Aufregung!6. Stand m, Lage f:state of the art neuester Stand der Wissenschaft oder Technik;state of convergence EU: Konvergenzlage f, -stand m (bei Vereinheitlichung von Gesetzen mehrerer Staaten etc);state of the economy wirtschaftliche Gesamtlage;8. PHIL Sein n, Dasein n:the future state das zukünftige Leben;state of being Seinsweise f9. MED, ZOOL etc Stadium n10. (gesellschaftliche) Stellung, Stand m:in a style befitting one’s state standesgemäß11. Pracht f, Staat m:lie in state aufgebahrt sein;live in state großen Aufwand treiben12. pl POL, HIST (Land)Stände pl14. a) Erhaltungszustand m (eines Buches etc)b) Teilausgabe fa first state ein Erstdruck16. MIL Stärkemeldung fB adj1. staatlich, Staats…:state-aided staatlich unterstützt;state apparatus Staatsapparat m;state banquet Staatsbankett n;state capitalism Staatskapitalismus m;state-controlled unter staatlicher Aufsicht;state court US einzelstaatliches Gericht;state funeral Staatsbegräbnis n;state mourning Staatstrauer f;state prayers (anglikanische Kirche) Gebete für das Königshaus, die Geistlichkeit und das Parlament;state-owned staatseigen, staatlich, Staats…;be state-owned in Staatsbesitz sein;state prison US Strafanstalt eines Bundesstaates für längere Freiheitsstrafen;state property Staatseigentum n;state religion Staatsreligion f;state secret Staatsgeheimnis n;state-subsidized staatlich subventioniert;state visit Staatsbesuch m2. Staats…, Prunk…:state bed Parade-, Prunkbett n;state carriage Staatskarosse f;state occasion besonderer oder feierlicher Anlass;state robe Amtsrobe fC v/t2. erklären:a) seine Ansichten etc darlegen3. Tatsachen etc anführen:state in one’s defence that … zu seiner Verteidigung anführen, dass …;state the reason why … erklären oder den Grund angeben, weshalb …4. erwähnen, bemerken5. feststellen, konstatieren6. ein Problem etc stellen7. MATH (mathematisch) ausdrücken* * *1. noun1) (condition) Zustand, derstate of the economy — Wirtschaftslage, die
the state of play — (Sport) der Spielstand
the state of play in the negotiations/debate — (fig.) der [gegenwärtige] Stand der Verhandlungen/Debatte
be in a state of excitement/sadness/anxiety — aufgeregt/traurig/ängstlich sein
2) (mess)3) (anxiety)be in a state — (be in a panic) aufgeregt sein; (be excited) ganz aus dem Häuschen sein (ugs.)
get into a state — (coll.) Zustände kriegen (ugs.)
4) (nation) Staat, der[affairs] of State — Staats[geschäfte]
the [United] States — sing. die [Vereinigten] Staaten
6)State — (civil government) Staat, der
7) (pomp) Prunk, der2. attributive adjective1) (of nation or federal state) staatlich; Staats[bank, -sicherheit, -geheimnis, -dienst]2) (ceremonial) Staats-3. transitive verb1) (express) erklären; (fully or clearly) darlegen; äußern [Meinung]; angeben [Alter usw.]‘please state full particulars’ — "bitte genaue Angaben machen"
2) (specify) festlegen* * *n.Rang ¨-e m.Staat -en m.Stand ¨-e m.Status -se m.Zustand -¨e m. v.darlegen v.erklären v.festlegen v.festsetzen v.konstatieren v. -
10 state
[steɪt] nthey complained about the untidy \state that the house had been left in sie beschwerten sich über die Unordnung, in der das Haus zurückgelassen worden war;the car was in a good \state of repair das Auto war in gutem Zustand;a sorry \state of affairs traurige Zustände;economic \state wirtschaftliche Lage;original \state ursprünglicher Zustandin a \state of dormancy im Schlafzustand;to be in a poor/good \state of health in einem schlechten/guten Gesundheitszustand sein;her mother is in a poor \state of health ihrer Mutter geht es nicht gut;\state of intoxication Vergiftung f;\state of rest Ruhezustand mwe were worried by his depressed \state of mind seine niedergeschlagene Stimmung machte uns Sorgen;she has been in a \state of euphoria ever since hearing the news sie ist ganz euphorisch, seit sie die Neuigkeit erfahren hat;conscious \state [volles] Bewusstsein;semi-conscious \state Dämmerzustand m;unconscious \state Bewusstlosigkeit f;to [not] be in a fit \state to do sth [nicht] in der Lage sein, etw zu tunto be in a \state mit den Nerven fertig sein ( fam)to get in[to] a \state [about sth] [wegen einer S. gen] durchdrehen5) chem6) sociol\state of matrimony Stand m der Ehe;married \state Ehestand m;how do you enjoy the married \state? wie bekommt dir die Ehe?;single \state Leben nt als Single7) rel\state of grace Stand m der Gnadeoffice of \state Staatsamt nt;the separation of Church and S\state die Trennung von Kirche und Staatthe Queen rode in \state to open Parliament die Königin ritt in vollem Staat zur Parlamentseröffnung;the pomp befitting a queen's \state die einer Königin angemessene Pracht;to lie in \state aufgebahrt sein adjattr, inv1) ( pertaining to a nation) staatlich, Staats-;\state monopoly Staatsmonopol nt, staatliches Monopol;\state ownership Staatseigentum nt, staatliches Eigentum;\state religion Staatsreligion f2) ( pertaining to unit)the \state capital of Texas die Hauptstadt von Texas;\state fishing license für einen US-Bundesstaat gültige Angelerlaubnis;\state police Polizei eines US-Bundesstaates;\state sales tax von einem US-Bundesstaat erhobene Umsatzsteuer3) ( pertaining to civil government) Regierungs-;\state document Regierungsdokument nt, amtliches Schriftstück;\state enrolled/ registered nurse ( Brit) staatlich zugelassene/geprüfte [o examinierte] Krankenschwester;\state records Regierungsunterlagen fpl;\state secret (a. fig) Staatsgeheimnis nt;\state subsidy [staatliche] Subvention;\state support staatliche Unterstützung4) ( showing ceremony) Staats-;\state banquet Staatsbankett nt;\state funeral Staatsbegräbnis nt;the S\state Opening of Parliament die offizielle Eröffnung des Parlaments;\state visit Staatsbesuch m vt1) ( express)to \state sth etw aussprechen [o äußern];the problem can be \stated in one sentence man kann das Problem in einen Satz fassen;to \state one's case seine Sache vortragen;to \state one's objections seine Einwände vorbringen;to \state one's opinion seine Meinung sagen;to \state the source die Quelle angeben;to \state sth clearly/ emphatically etw deutlich/mit Nachdruck sagen;to \state that... erklären, dass...;to \state formally that... offiziell bekannt geben, dass...;2) (specify, fix)to \state sth etw nennen [o angeben];to \state demands Forderungen stellen -
11 separation
ˌsepəˈreɪʃən сущ.
1) а) отделение;
разделение He believes in the separation of the races. ≈ Он верит в разделение рас. All children will tend to suffer from separation from their parents. ≈ Все дети страдают при разлучении с родителями. separation of powers ≈ принцип разделения властей city-country separation ≈ отделение округа от города (или в общем случае разделение каких-либо административных единиц) б) разделение, расставание;
раздельное жительство супругов They agreed to a trial separation. ≈ Они согласились с решением суда на раздельное проживание.
2) тж. хим. разложение на части
3) воен. демобилизация, увольнение
4) горн. обогащение отделение, разъединение, разделение, разобщение - the * of Church and State отделение церкви от государства - * of the sexes in school раздельное обучение мальчиков и девочек - the * of /between/ Sweden and Norway( историческое) отделение Норвегии от Швеции - * from a church выход из членов церкви разлука - after a long * после долгой разлуки - * from smb., smth. разлука с кем-л., чем-л., жизнь вдали от кого-л., чего-л. сортировка, разложение на части - * into parts разделение на части (юридическое) раздельное жительство супругов - * from bed and board раздельное жительство супругов - judicial * судебное разлучение - * by consents раздельное жительство по взаимному согласию - to get a * from one's wife /from one's husband/ разъехаться (по взаимному соглашению или по решению суда) окончание договорных отношений, особ. окончание срока трудового соглашения увольнение из армии;
демобилизация (физическое) разделение - * of isotopes разделение изотопов( горное) (химическое) обогащение (геология) разделение, разобщение (пласта, жилы) (авиация) отделение (ступени ракеты) ;
эшелонирование( специальное) расстояние, интервал;
разнесение, разнос judicial ~ постановление суда о раздельном жительстве супругов, судебное разлучение judicial ~ постановление суда о раздельном жительстве супругов judicial ~ судебное разлучение legal ~ раздельное жительство супругов по решению суда separation горн. обогащение ~ отделение, разделение;
разлучение, разобщение ~ отделение, разделение ~ отделение ~ разделение ~ раздельное жительство супругов ~ разложение на части ~ разлучение, раздельное жительство супругов (по соглашению или по решению суда) ~ разлучение ~ воен. увольнение, демобилизация ~ attr.: ~ allowance пособие жене солдата или матроса (во время войны) ~ by agreement раздельное жительство супругов по соглашению ~ by grant раздельное жительство супругов в связи с передачей права собственности ~ by judicial decree раздельное жительство супругов по решению суда ~ of estates раздел имущества ~ of power разделение полномочий ~ of powers разделение властей ~ of property раздел имуществаБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > separation
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12 state
state [steɪt]état ⇒ 1 (a) État ⇒ 1 (b), 1 (c) d'État, de l'État ⇒ 2 (a), 2 (b) officiel ⇒ 2 (c) déclarer ⇒ 3 formuler ⇒ 31 noun(a) (condition) état m;∎ the country is in a state of war/shock le pays est en état de guerre/choc;∎ a state of confusion prevailed la confusion régnait;∎ he was in a state of confusion il ne savait plus où il en était;∎ he was in a state of panic il a été pris de panique;∎ she was in a state of terror elle était terrifiée;∎ the married state le mariage;∎ the single state le célibat;∎ chlorine in its gaseous/liquid state le chlore à l'état gazeux/liquide;∎ to be in a good/bad state (road, carpet, car) être en bon/mauvais état; (person, economy, friendship) aller bien/mal;∎ the house was in a good/poor state of repair la maison était en bon/mauvais état;∎ to be in a terrible state (person → emotionally) être dans tous ses états; (→ physically) être dans un état lamentable; (room, papers) être sens dessus dessous;∎ she was in no (fit) state to make a decision elle était hors d'état de ou elle n'était pas en état de prendre une décision;∎ the car's not in a state to be driven la voiture n'est pas en état de rouler;∎ what's the current state of play? où en sont-ils?;∎ what's the current state of play on the project? où en est le projet?;∎ familiar to get into a state se mettre dans tous ses états;∎ he gets into an awful state if I don't phone si je ne lui téléphone pas, il se met dans tous ses états;∎ there's no need to get into such a state about it ce n'est pas la peine de te mettre dans un état pareil∎ a state within a state un État dans l'État;∎ the member states les États membres;∎ the head of state le chef de l'État;∎ heads of state chefs mpl d'État;∎ the separation of (the) Church and (the) State la séparation de l'Église et de l'État(c) (in US, Australia, India etc → political division) État m;∎ familiar the States les États-Unis□, les US;∎ the State of Ohio l'État de l'Ohio∎ he was in his robes of state il était en costume d'apparat(a) (government → secret) d'État; (→ subsidy, intervention, pension) de l'État; Economics (→ sector) public; (→ airline, funeral) national∎ the state capital la capitale de l'État;∎ a state university une université d'État ou publique;∎ the Michigan State team l'équipe de l'État du Michigan;∎ a state park un parc régional;∎ American to turn state's evidence or state's witness = témoigner contre ses complices en échange d'une remise de peine∎ state occasion cérémonie f officielle;∎ the State Opening of Parliament = l'ouverture officielle du Parlement britannique en présence du souverain(utter, say) déclarer; (express, formulate → intentions) déclarer; (→ demands) formuler; (→ proposition, problem, conclusions, views) énoncer, formuler; (→ conditions) poser;∎ the president stated emphatically that the rumours were untrue le président a démenti catégoriquement les rumeurs;∎ I have already stated my position on that issue j'ai déjà fait connaître ma position à ce sujet;∎ I have stated my opinion j'ai donné mon opinion;∎ we state the current figures on page five les chiffres actuels sont donnés en page cinq;∎ the regulations clearly state that daily checks must be made le règlement dit ou indique clairement que des vérifications quotidiennes doivent être effectuées;∎ please state salary expectations veuillez indiquer le salaire souhaité;∎ state your name and address donnez vos nom, prénoms et adresse;∎ the man refused to state his business l'homme a refusé d'expliquer ce qu'il voulait;∎ as stated above comme indiqué plus haut;∎ state the figure as a percentage exprimez ou indiquez le chiffre en pourcentage;∎ to state one's case présenter ses arguments;∎ Law to state the case for the defence/the prosecution présenter le dossier de la défense/de l'accusationAmerican (department) le Département d'Étaten grand apparat, en grande pompe;∎ to travel in state voyager en grand apparat;∎ to dine in state dîner en grande pompe;∎ to lie in state être exposé solennellement;∎ to live in state mener grand train►► state of affairs circonstances fpl actuelles;∎ nothing can be done in the present state of affairs vu les circonstances actuelles, on ne peut rien faire;∎ this is an appalling state of affairs c'est une situation épouvantable;∎ ironic this is a fine state of affairs! c'est du propre!;state apartments appartements mpl de parade;state of the art (of procedures, systems) ce qui se fait de mieux;∎ the state of the art in linguistics l'état actuel des connaissances en linguistique;state attorney procureur m;American state bank banque f de dépôt (agréée par un État);state buildings bâtiments mpl publics;state capitalism capitalisme m d'État;state church église f d'État;state control contrôle m étatique; (doctrine) étatisme m;∎ to be put or placed under state control être nationalisé;∎ state control of the means of communication nationalisation f des moyens de communication;American State Department ministère m des Affaires étrangères;state of emergency état m d'urgence;∎ a state of emergency has been declared l'état d'urgence a été déclaré;British State Enrolled Nurse aide-soignant m diplômé, aide-soignante f diplômée;History States General États généraux mpl;American state line frontière f entre États;American state lottery loterie f d'État;state of mind état m d'esprit;∎ in your present state of mind dans l'état d'esprit qui est le vôtre;∎ success is just a state of mind la réussite n'est qu'un état d'esprit;∎ is he in a better state of mind? est-ce qu'il est dans de meilleures dispositions?;state pension pension f de l'État;state police police f de l'État;American state prison prison f d'État (pour les longues peines);British State Registered Nurse infirmier m diplômé, infirmière f diplômée (remplacé en 1992 par "Registered Nurse");American states' rights = principe selon lequel, si la constitution des États-Unis n'octroie ni ne refuse un pouvoir à un État particulier, ce pouvoir appartient de fait à l'État et non au gouvernement fédéral;British state school école f publique;British state sector secteur m public;state socialism socialisme m d'État;State Supreme Court = instance judiciaire suprême dans chaque État américain;the state system (education) le public, l'enseignement m public;American state trooper ≃ gendarme m;State of the Union address discours m sur l'état de l'Union;Politics state visit visite f officielle;∎ he's on a state visit to Japan il est en visite officielle ou voyage officiel au Japonⓘ STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS Ce discours radiotélévisé, dans lequel le président des États-Unis dresse le bilan de son programme et en définit les orientations, est prononcé devant le Congrès. L'allocution présidentielle a lieu tous les ans en janvier. -
13 Pledge of Allegience to the Flag
[ˊpledʒǝvǝˊli:dʒǝns] клятва верности флагу Соединённых Штатов. Произносится наизусть учащимися школ при подъёме флага в начале каждого школьного дня: «Обязуюсь хранить верность флагу Соединённых Штатов Америки и Республике, которую он олицетворяет, единой перед Богом, неделимой, свободной и справедливой ко всем» [‘I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all’]. Фраза under God, добавленная в 1954, более шестидесяти лет спустя после того, как впервые был опубликован текст клятвы, вызвала много споров, т.к. в США, согласно Конституции, церковь отделена от государства [separation of church and state]США. Лингвострановедческий англо-русский словарь > Pledge of Allegience to the Flag
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14 freedom of the press amendment
политНеофициальное название-характеристика Первой поправки [ First Amendment] к Конституции США [ Constitution, U.S.]English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > freedom of the press amendment
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15 Catholic church
The Catholic Church and the Catholic religion together represent the oldest and most enduring of all Portuguese institutions. Because its origins as an institution go back at least to the middle of the third century, if not earlier, the Christian and later the Catholic Church is much older than any other Portuguese institution or major cultural influence, including the monarchy (lasting 770 years) or Islam (540 years). Indeed, it is older than Portugal (869 years) itself. The Church, despite its changing doctrine and form, dates to the period when Roman Lusitania was Christianized.In its earlier period, the Church played an important role in the creation of an independent Portuguese monarchy, as well as in the colonization and settlement of various regions of the shifting Christian-Muslim frontier as it moved south. Until the rise of absolutist monarchy and central government, the Church dominated all public and private life and provided the only education available, along with the only hospitals and charity institutions. During the Middle Ages and the early stage of the overseas empire, the Church accumulated a great deal of wealth. One historian suggests that, by 1700, one-third of the land in Portugal was owned by the Church. Besides land, Catholic institutions possessed a large number of chapels, churches and cathedrals, capital, and other property.Extensive periods of Portuguese history witnessed either conflict or cooperation between the Church as the monarchy increasingly sought to gain direct control of the realm. The monarchy challenged the great power and wealth of the Church, especially after the acquisition of the first overseas empire (1415-1580). When King João III requested the pope to allow Portugal to establish the Inquisition (Holy Office) in the country and the request was finally granted in 1531, royal power, more than religion was the chief concern. The Inquisition acted as a judicial arm of the Catholic Church in order to root out heresies, primarily Judaism and Islam, and later Protestantism. But the Inquisition became an instrument used by the crown to strengthen its power and jurisdiction.The Church's power and prestige in governance came under direct attack for the first time under the Marquis of Pombal (1750-77) when, as the king's prime minister, he placed regalism above the Church's interests. In 1759, the Jesuits were expelled from Portugal, although they were allowed to return after Pombal left office. Pombal also harnessed the Inquisition and put in place other anticlerical measures. With the rise of liberalism and the efforts to secularize Portugal after 1820, considerable Church-state conflict occurred. The new liberal state weakened the power and position of the Church in various ways: in 1834, all religious orders were suppressed and their property confiscated both in Portugal and in the empire and, in the 1830s and 1840s, agrarian reform programs confiscated and sold large portions of Church lands. By the 1850s, Church-state relations had improved, various religious orders were allowed to return, and the Church's influence was largely restored. By the late 19th century, Church and state were closely allied again. Church roles in all levels of education were pervasive, and there was a popular Catholic revival under way.With the rise of republicanism and the early years of the First Republic, especially from 1910 to 1917, Church-state relations reached a new low. A major tenet of republicanism was anticlericalism and the belief that the Church was as much to blame as the monarchy for the backwardness of Portuguese society. The provisional republican government's 1911 Law of Separation decreed the secularization of public life on a scale unknown in Portugal. Among the new measures that Catholics and the Church opposed were legalization of divorce, appropriation of all Church property by the state, abolition of religious oaths for various posts, suppression of the theology school at Coimbra University, abolition of saints' days as public holidays, abolition of nunneries and expulsion of the Jesuits, closing of seminaries, secularization of all public education, and banning of religious courses in schools.After considerable civil strife over the religious question under the republic, President Sidónio Pais restored normal relations with the Holy See and made concessions to the Portuguese Church. Encouraged by the apparitions at Fátima between May and October 1917, which caused a great sensation among the rural people, a strong Catholic reaction to anticlericalism ensued. Backed by various new Catholic organizations such as the "Catholic Youth" and the Academic Center of Christian Democracy (CADC), the Catholic revival influenced government and politics under the Estado Novo. Prime Minister Antônio de Oliveira Salazar was not only a devout Catholic and member of the CADC, but his formative years included nine years in the Viseu Catholic Seminary preparing to be a priest. Under the Estado Novo, Church-state relations greatly improved, and Catholic interests were protected. On the other hand, Salazar's no-risk statism never went so far as to restore to the Church all that had been lost in the 1911 Law of Separation. Most Church property was never returned from state ownership and, while the Church played an important role in public education to 1974, it never recovered the influence in education it had enjoyed before 1911.Today, the majority of Portuguese proclaim themselves Catholic, and the enduring nature of the Church as an institution seems apparent everywhere in the country. But there is no longer a monolithic Catholic faith; there is growing diversity of religious choice in the population, which includes an increasing number of Protestant Portuguese as well as a small but growing number of Muslims from the former Portuguese empire. The Muslim community of greater Lisbon erected a Mosque which, ironically, is located near the Spanish Embassy. In the 1990s, Portugal's Catholic Church as an institution appeared to be experiencing a revival of influence. While Church attendance remained low, several Church institutions retained an importance in society that went beyond the walls of the thousands of churches: a popular, flourishing Catholic University; Radio Re-nascenca, the country's most listened to radio station; and a new private television channel owned by the Church. At an international conference in Lisbon in September 2000, the Cardinal Patriarch of Portugal, Dom José Policarpo, formally apologized to the Jewish community of Portugal for the actions of the Inquisition. At the deliberately selected location, the place where that religious institution once held its hearings and trials, Dom Policarpo read a declaration of Catholic guilt and repentance and symbolically embraced three rabbis, apologizing for acts of violence, pressures to convert, suspicions, and denunciation. -
16 doctrine
доктрина; принцип; вченняdoctrine of diminished responsibility — доктрина ( або принцип) зменшеної відповідальності
doctrine of humanitarian intervention — доктрина втручання ( у справи іншої країни) заради дотримання прав людини
doctrine of national sovereignty — доктрина суверенітету держави, доктрина державного суверенітету
doctrine of privileged communication — доктрина нерозголошення ( або таємниці) змісту спілкування адвоката і його підзахисного
doctrine of "separate but equal" — доктрина рівності за умови відокремленості (сегрегації)
doctrine of the separation of church and state — доктрина ( або принцип) відокремлення церкви від держави
- doctrine of clean handsdoctrine of the unity of the legal personalities of husband and wife — доктрина єдиної правосуб'єктності чоловіка і жінки
- doctrine of conscience
- doctrine of decentralism
- doctrine of divine right
- doctrine of dual authority
- doctrine of dual federalism
- doctrine of entrapment
- doctrine of enumerated powers
- doctrine of fair use
- doctrine of flexible response
- doctrine of free law
- doctrine of guilt
- doctrine of implied powers
- doctrine of incapacitation
- doctrine of legitimacy
- doctrine of nationalism
- doctrine of noninterference
- doctrine of overclaiming
- doctrine of part performance
- doctrine of precedence
- doctrine of precedent
- doctrine of preferred freedoms
- doctrine of recent complaint
- doctrine of relation back
- doctrine of reputed ownership
- doctrine of reserved powers
- doctrine of stare decisis
- doctrine of state sovereignty
- doctrine of the just war
- doctrine of two swords
- doctrine of ultra vires -
17 principle
засада, принцип; норма, правило; доктрина; головне правило; першопричина, причинаprinciple of affirmative action — принцип сприяння меншинам ( або знедоленим)
principle of equal remuneration for works of equal value — принцип рівної винагороди за працю рівної вартості
principle of equality of the sexes in financial and property matters — принцип рівності статей у фінансових і майнових питаннях
principle of excluding women from the succession — принцип ненадання жінкам права успадкування, принцип виключення жінок з правонаступництва
principle of justice to all peoples and nationalities — принцип справедливості для всіх народів і національностей
principle of national sovereignty — принцип державного ( або національного) суверенітету
principle of negotiated tariff reduction among nations — принцип узгодженого між державами зменшення тарифних ставок
principle of "no taxation without representation" — принцип неприпустимості обкладання податками без представництва в законодавчому органі
principle of "one person, one vote" — принцип "одна особа - один голос"
principle of racial segregation — принцип расової сегрегації, принцип роздільного проживання рас
principle of the responsibility of the executive to the elected branch of the legislature — принцип відповідальності виконавчої влади перед обраним народом законодавчим органом
principle of "separate but equal" — принцип сегрегації ( рас) за умови забезпечення рівності їх прав
principle of the larger the state, the greater its representation — принцип, згідно якому чим більше штат, тим більшим повинно бути його представництво (в законодавчому органі) ( у США)
principles embodied in the UN Charter — принципи, закріплені в Статуті ООН
principle of non-interference in the domestic affairs of other countries — = principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries принцип невтручання у внутрішні справи інших країн
principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries — = principle of non-interference in the domestic affairs of other countries
principle of one-man administration — = principle of one-man management принцип єдиноначальності
- principle of criminal justiceprinciple of one-man management — = principle of one-man administration
- principle of deliberation
- principle of division of power
- principle of elective monarchy
- principle of equal opportunity
- principle of equal pay
- principle of equal security
- principle of equality
- principle of horizontal equity
- principle of international law
- principle of judicial review
- principle of justice
- principle of law
- principle of lay involvement
- principle of legal certainty
- principle of legal ethics
- principle of legality
- principle of majority
- principle of majority rule
- principle of non-aggression
- principle of non-interference
- principle of oral proceedings
- principle of organization
- principle of patriapotestas
- principle of proportionality
- principle of protective duties
- principle of reciprocity
- principle of represenattion
- principle of res judicata
- principle of scission
- principle of solidarity
- principle of sovereignty
- principle of stare decisis
- principle of surrogation
- principle of taxation
- principle of territoriality
- principle of toleration
- principle of unanimity
- principle of vertical equity
- principles of law -
18 AU
1) Военный термин: Air University, Analog Applique Unit, Army unit, airship, utility, alignment unit, all-up, assault unit, auditor, auxiliary unit2) Техника: air-to-underwater3) Сельское хозяйство: antitoxic units4) Химия: atomic unit (атомная единица)5) Математика: почти равномерно (almost uniformly)6) Сокращение: Air University (USA), Austria (NATO country code), Astronomical Unit (93,000,000 miles), African Union (Африканский Союз), ATM User, Aarhus Universit (University of Aarhus; Denmark), About Uncirculated (numismatics; coin condition), Absorbance Unit, Accessible Unit, Acorn User (magazine), Adamson University, Adaptation Unit, Adaptive Unit, Addressee Unknown, Adelaide University (University of Adelaide, Australia), Adelphi University, Administrative Unit, African Union (formerly Organization of African Unity), Air University (US Air Force), Alcohol Unit, Alfred University, Aligarh University (India), Alopecia Universalis, Alternate Universe, Always Usually, American Racing Pigeon Union (Oklahoma City), American University (Washington, DC, USA), Americans United (for the Separation of Church and State: Washington, DC), Amman University, Anadolu University, Analyzer Unit, Anderson University (Indiana), Andhra University (India), Andrews University, Angeles University (Philippines), Ankara University, Anna University (India), Annamalai University (India), Another Universe (comics), Ansta"llningsutskottet (Swedish: Employment Committee), Apache University, Aquinas University, Araullo University, Arellano University (Manila, Philippines), Argosy University, Ashland University, Assessment Unit, Associate in Underwriting (insurance), Associated Universities, Assumption University, Astronomical Unit, Athabasca University, Atheists United, Atomic Unit, Auburn University (Auburn, Alabama), Audio (file name extension), Audio Unit, Auris Uterque (Latin: each ear), Aurora University, Australia (top-level domain name), Austria, Authentication Unification (Sprint), Authorized User, Authors System, Autism, Autistic, Automated Underwriter, Automatic (welding), Automatic Updates (Microsoft Windows), Avila University, Avionics Upper (panel), Encoded Audio Format (file extension; Sun and NeXT), Unity Alliance (Nicaragua)7) Университет: Auburn University8) Электроника: Amplifier Unit9) Вычислительная техника: access unit, arithmetic unit, Astronomical Unit (Space)11) Полимеры: полиуретан12) Химическое оружие: American University13) Хроматография: ЕОП (единица оптической плотности), оптическая единица, Absorbance Unit, area unit14) Спектроскопия: оптическая единица, единица абсорбции (Absorbance Unit)15) Расширение файла: Sun/Next Audio File16) Имена и фамилии: Arthur Upfield17) ООН: African Unity18) Единицы измерений: Absorbance Units, Allocation Unit, Arbitrary Units, Astronomical Units, Atomic Units -
19 Au
1) Военный термин: Air University, Analog Applique Unit, Army unit, airship, utility, alignment unit, all-up, assault unit, auditor, auxiliary unit2) Техника: air-to-underwater3) Сельское хозяйство: antitoxic units4) Химия: atomic unit (атомная единица)5) Математика: почти равномерно (almost uniformly)6) Сокращение: Air University (USA), Austria (NATO country code), Astronomical Unit (93,000,000 miles), African Union (Африканский Союз), ATM User, Aarhus Universit (University of Aarhus; Denmark), About Uncirculated (numismatics; coin condition), Absorbance Unit, Accessible Unit, Acorn User (magazine), Adamson University, Adaptation Unit, Adaptive Unit, Addressee Unknown, Adelaide University (University of Adelaide, Australia), Adelphi University, Administrative Unit, African Union (formerly Organization of African Unity), Air University (US Air Force), Alcohol Unit, Alfred University, Aligarh University (India), Alopecia Universalis, Alternate Universe, Always Usually, American Racing Pigeon Union (Oklahoma City), American University (Washington, DC, USA), Americans United (for the Separation of Church and State: Washington, DC), Amman University, Anadolu University, Analyzer Unit, Anderson University (Indiana), Andhra University (India), Andrews University, Angeles University (Philippines), Ankara University, Anna University (India), Annamalai University (India), Another Universe (comics), Ansta"llningsutskottet (Swedish: Employment Committee), Apache University, Aquinas University, Araullo University, Arellano University (Manila, Philippines), Argosy University, Ashland University, Assessment Unit, Associate in Underwriting (insurance), Associated Universities, Assumption University, Astronomical Unit, Athabasca University, Atheists United, Atomic Unit, Auburn University (Auburn, Alabama), Audio (file name extension), Audio Unit, Auris Uterque (Latin: each ear), Aurora University, Australia (top-level domain name), Austria, Authentication Unification (Sprint), Authorized User, Authors System, Autism, Autistic, Automated Underwriter, Automatic (welding), Automatic Updates (Microsoft Windows), Avila University, Avionics Upper (panel), Encoded Audio Format (file extension; Sun and NeXT), Unity Alliance (Nicaragua)7) Университет: Auburn University8) Электроника: Amplifier Unit9) Вычислительная техника: access unit, arithmetic unit, Astronomical Unit (Space)11) Полимеры: полиуретан12) Химическое оружие: American University13) Хроматография: ЕОП (единица оптической плотности), оптическая единица, Absorbance Unit, area unit14) Спектроскопия: оптическая единица, единица абсорбции (Absorbance Unit)15) Расширение файла: Sun/Next Audio File16) Имена и фамилии: Arthur Upfield17) ООН: African Unity18) Единицы измерений: Absorbance Units, Allocation Unit, Arbitrary Units, Astronomical Units, Atomic Units -
20 au
1) Военный термин: Air University, Analog Applique Unit, Army unit, airship, utility, alignment unit, all-up, assault unit, auditor, auxiliary unit2) Техника: air-to-underwater3) Сельское хозяйство: antitoxic units4) Химия: atomic unit (атомная единица)5) Математика: почти равномерно (almost uniformly)6) Сокращение: Air University (USA), Austria (NATO country code), Astronomical Unit (93,000,000 miles), African Union (Африканский Союз), ATM User, Aarhus Universit (University of Aarhus; Denmark), About Uncirculated (numismatics; coin condition), Absorbance Unit, Accessible Unit, Acorn User (magazine), Adamson University, Adaptation Unit, Adaptive Unit, Addressee Unknown, Adelaide University (University of Adelaide, Australia), Adelphi University, Administrative Unit, African Union (formerly Organization of African Unity), Air University (US Air Force), Alcohol Unit, Alfred University, Aligarh University (India), Alopecia Universalis, Alternate Universe, Always Usually, American Racing Pigeon Union (Oklahoma City), American University (Washington, DC, USA), Americans United (for the Separation of Church and State: Washington, DC), Amman University, Anadolu University, Analyzer Unit, Anderson University (Indiana), Andhra University (India), Andrews University, Angeles University (Philippines), Ankara University, Anna University (India), Annamalai University (India), Another Universe (comics), Ansta"llningsutskottet (Swedish: Employment Committee), Apache University, Aquinas University, Araullo University, Arellano University (Manila, Philippines), Argosy University, Ashland University, Assessment Unit, Associate in Underwriting (insurance), Associated Universities, Assumption University, Astronomical Unit, Athabasca University, Atheists United, Atomic Unit, Auburn University (Auburn, Alabama), Audio (file name extension), Audio Unit, Auris Uterque (Latin: each ear), Aurora University, Australia (top-level domain name), Austria, Authentication Unification (Sprint), Authorized User, Authors System, Autism, Autistic, Automated Underwriter, Automatic (welding), Automatic Updates (Microsoft Windows), Avila University, Avionics Upper (panel), Encoded Audio Format (file extension; Sun and NeXT), Unity Alliance (Nicaragua)7) Университет: Auburn University8) Электроника: Amplifier Unit9) Вычислительная техника: access unit, arithmetic unit, Astronomical Unit (Space)11) Полимеры: полиуретан12) Химическое оружие: American University13) Хроматография: ЕОП (единица оптической плотности), оптическая единица, Absorbance Unit, area unit14) Спектроскопия: оптическая единица, единица абсорбции (Absorbance Unit)15) Расширение файла: Sun/Next Audio File16) Имена и фамилии: Arthur Upfield17) ООН: African Unity18) Единицы измерений: Absorbance Units, Allocation Unit, Arbitrary Units, Astronomical Units, Atomic Units
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См. также в других словарях:
(the) separation of church and state — the separation of church and state [the separation of church and state] (in the US) the principle that the government must not interfere in matters of religion. This is written into the ↑First Amendment of the American Constitution. Since the… … Useful english dictionary
Separation of church and state in the United States — The phrase separation of church and state (sometimes wall of separation between church and state ), attributed to Thomas Jefferson and others, and since quoted by the Supreme Court of the United States, expresses an understanding of the intent… … Wikipedia
separation of church and state — The Bill of Rights became part of the United states Constitution on December 15, 1791, including its famous First Amendment statement, Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof … Encyclopedia of Protestantism
Separation of church and state — Part of a series on Freedom Concepts … Wikipedia
separation of church and state — separation of church and state: the separation of religion and government mandated under the establishment clause and the free exercise clause of the U.S. Constitution that forbids governmental establishment or preference of a religion and that… … Law dictionary
Americans United for Separation of Church and State — (Americans United or AU for short) is an advocacy group for religious freedom in the United States. It promotes the separation of church and state, a legal doctrine interpreted by AU as being enshrined in the Establishment Clause of the First… … Wikipedia
Baptists in the history of separation of church and state — Part of a series on Baptists … Wikipedia
church and state — Relationship between religious and secular authority in society. In most ancient civilizations the separation of religious and political orders was not clearly defined. With the advent of Christianity, the idea of two separate orders emerged,… … Universalium
Church and state in medieval Europe — The relationship between the Church and the feudal states during the medieval period went through a number of developments, roughly from the end of the Roman Empire through to the beginning of the Reformation. The events of the struggles for… … Wikipedia
Church and State — may refer to: Separation of church and state, political and legal doctrine that government and religious institutions are to be kept separate Americans United for Separation of Church and State or their monthly newsletter, Church State Religion… … Wikipedia
Ulysses S. Grant: The Separation of Church and School — ▪ Primary Source Several church bodies, notably Catholics and Lutherans, developed extensive systems of parochial education in the latter half of the nineteenth century. The parochial school was based on the conviction that secular… … Universalium